A glimpse of several instruments for electronic music
First mechanical computer, Babbage’s difference engine
An example of composers working in electronic and acoustic music:
• Paul Lanksy, Mild und Leise (1976)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZDxMb4nago
• Paul Lansky, Hop (1993)
• Paul Lansky, Idle Chatter (1994)
• Paul Lansky, Threads (2005)
The continuum between rhythm and pitch
Timbre
Rhythm, pitch, timbre, and space together in one gesture in Karlheinz Stockhousen, Kontakte (1958)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1Psx24n3rM&feature=youtu.be&t=30m41s
Formal structure
Sound objects:
• Beethoven, Symphony No. 5, 1st mvt. (1804)
• Trevor Wishart, Tongues of Fire (1993)
https://electrotheque.com/oeuvre/29276
Spectrogram/sonogram: Aphex Twin, “ΔMi−1 = −αΣn=1NDi[n][Σj∈C[i]Fji[n − 1] +Fexti[n−1]]” (1999)
Notation: György Ligeti, Artikulation (1958; listening score created by Rainer Wehinger in 1970)
Jarre, Music for Supermarkets (1983)
Early digital audio: Max Mathews’s 1961 realization of “Daisy Bell (Bicycle Built for Two)” (written by Harry Dacre in 1892)
Moog synthesizer, early mass-produced synthesizer (analog)
Yamaha DX7, early mass-produced digital synthesizer
Ubu Web for hard-to-find avant garde art